DNA Profiles and DNA Fingerprinting Overview

DNA fingerprinting can be defined as a laboratory analysis which is used to create the DNA profile of a specific individual. Based on information that has been reported from the U.S. Department of Education’s Human Genome Programme, there is a very small chance that two individuals possesses the same DNA profile, unless we are talking about identical twins.

DNA profile & fingerprinting

The DNA profile is a model that is used to determine a person’s specific and unique genetic makeup, meaning an individual’s DNA can be used as a form of identification, as everyone’s genetic composition is slightly different. DNA profiling is currently being used in many different types of fronts today, although it is considered to be a field of science that has many more years of research.

DNA fingerprint tests are used in a variety of different fields today. Some of the most commonly known fields include medical, forensic sciences, criminology, and biotechnology. These types of tests are used to classify and analyse a person’s genetic information or their DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid). The process that is involved is similar to utilising an individual’s physical fingerprint because they are unique.

DNA Fingerprinting process

Presently, there are several different types of applications included in DNA fingerprinting, specifically in the fields of pharmaceuticals, medical field, information technology, agricultural and forensic sciences. Although the most evident application can be seen in the medical field, as it aids in linking various types of diseases and conditions to specific hereditary genes. In addition to identifying inherited illnesses and diseases, another well-known application includes identifying disease-causing organisms and verifying family relationships (i.e. finding out the paternity of a specific child or children). In either situation, professionals that work in these fields have benefitted immensely from the multiple uses of DNA profiling. Profiling is also very important in crime solving as it can help track down a criminal or indentify a body.

Experts and researchers required

While DNA fingerprinting and DNA profiling are considered to be very powerful tools in determining various kinds of genetic conditions and medical diagnoses, it is essential that the proper procedures are adhered to correctly. This is one of the main reasons why there are only a few labs around the world that offer accurate DNA fingerprint results, befitting standard for court purposes or in police investigations.

To achieve accurate results, the DNA fingerprinting process requires costly probes and machines used in analyzing the DNA. Presently, fingerprinting and DNA profiles are conducted in a laboratory exam environment and requires the help and assistance of trained experts and professional researchers to yield the most accurate results.